The useful methods for the water losses reduction which have an impact in a brief and medium term on the recoverable water volume are the hidden losses reparation, and also the pressure regulation modulated in the time which will have to maintain unchanged the minimum level service value in the critical points.

The whole of these activities involves a substantial modification both geometric and of the hydraulic net behaviour and the consequent progressive removal between the initial model and the effective state.

In fact, with the losses reduction and with the pressure regulation they intervene both on the spatial consumptions distribution in a sector and therefore on the courses circulation, both on the introduced water quantity making inappropriate the pattern used in the model previously set.

Considering the fact that the calibration executed minimizing the discard between the measured datum and the calculated one doesn't furnish an univocal combination of the system variables values (roughness and request spatial removal ) but only one of them, because of the incoming data don't coincide in number with the unknown ones, and it is necessary a new recalibration phase which furnishes a new combination of roughness and request distribution which made the model valid.

In this phase the cartography and the model can usefully be adjourned thanks to the information that will be acquired with the losses reparation or when it is discovered and it can be measured the conduct real diameter, the internal roughness and it can be valuated the constituent material.

Therefore, a second course and pressure net measurement campaign is necessary with the purpose to value the operation variations brought to the system by the interventions, in comparison to the preceding state.

Obviously, the single district data analysis has to return a generalized water consumption diminution, in particular way of the minimum night time value (Minimum night flow, QMNF) and the level service congruity with the objective of the effected interventions.

The elements which have to be inserted in the hydraulic model are the new request pattern discreeted on a hourly interval of 5 minutes that allows us not to eliminate the consumption limits and if we perform the PDA analysis making reference to the water losses, the new Kj coefficients of each knot calculated basing on the minimum night time analysis of the night time consumption.

The calibration is performed through a trial and error procedure, punctually comparing the course and pressure data measured in specific net points with those furnished by the model until the optimization of the same. The constant calibration at each conditions change to the contour and to the consumption, it allows to adjourn also the mathematical modelling in comparison to the setting executed considering the initial state.

The whole of these changes involves a substantial variation of the hydraulic net behaviour and the consequent progressive removal between the initial model and the effective state.

In fact, with the losses reduction and with the pressure regulation they intervene both on the spatial consumptions distribution in a sector and therefore on the courses circulation, both on the introduced water quantity making inappropriate the pattern used in the model previously set.

Considering the fact that the calibration executed minimizing the discard between the measured datum and the calculated one doesn't furnish an univocal combination of the system variables values (roughness and request spatial removal ) but only one of them, because of the incoming data don't coincide in number with the unknown ones, and it is necessary a new recalibration phase which furnishes a new combination of roughness and request distribution which made the model valid.

In this phase the cartography and the model can usefully be adjourned thanks to the information that will be acquired with the losses reparation or when it is discovered and it can be measured the conduct real diameter, the internal roughness and it can be valuated the constituent material.

Obviously, the single district data analysis has to return a water consumption variation, in particular way of the minimum night time value (Minimum night flow, QMNF) and the level service congruity with the objective of the effected interventions.

The elements that modify the hydraulic model conditions are the new request pattern and the possible changes in the geometry (Diameters) and/or conducts roughness, the calibration files of (pressure).

The final objective of the calibration is that to minimize the discard between the minimum attended service level value and the diurnal pressure value or of that night time one.

The objective pressure value in the hydraulically more distant knot is the alignment between the night time minimum pressure and the minimum diurnal one.

What is realized in every knot is the recording of every single component, both hydraulic and of system, with a temporal scanning of 5 minutes. Through the sensitive knots remote control it is possible to realize a graph which reproduces for each interval of 5 minutes the net consumption value (real losses + users consumptions), of the pressure, of the course, etc..; in order to allow a complete vision of the variation dynamics both of the consumption and of the losses, two specific interfaces will have to be realized:

• 1.graphic analysis of the night time characteristic value
• 2.graphic analysis of the daily instant value

In the first case, for each realized district, it has to be calculated and putted in a graphic the night time specific course value (medium value of the consumption calculated from 03:00 to 05:00 of every day) on temporal intervals of one day, one month, one year. In order to allow that the consumer could receive an alarm, in the case of an anomalous night time consumption, they can be inserted two thresholds of guard (in percentage on the medium value) which activate an alarm with a different priority to the respective overcoming.

Instead, in order to analyze the daily consumptions behaviour, or of the course which feeds the hidden losses and the users, it has to be realized a specific page of the district on which they have to be reported the incoming and going out courses values to the contour and the calculated value of the instantaneous district consumption, considered such as the algebraic sum of the incoming and going out courses.

All the data should be accessible with a simple internet connection from any mobile or fixed posting and the peripherals postings planning should be allowed from remote (previous qualification).

In order to have the maximum work autonomy on the water nets knots and in the distant positions from the inhabited centres, the peripheral could also be gifted of an alternative system of feeding with solar panel or with hydro turbine which exploits the jump produced by the valves (only for sensitive knots realized on regulation valves).

However, in this case the scenery doesn't show the initial uncertainty but it is based on measures effected on knots better structured for the manufactured articles presence adequately predisposed, even though the same, of those used for the zoning.

The measures repetition in just monitored places results more effective in the points where the valves have been realized because of in these points they are realized some affixes spaces on the conducts where they have to be effected the measures through ultrasounds instruments and contemporarily they have to be verified the fixed measurers precisions installed in series to the valves.

Possibly and to have the maximum precision on the internal diameter (setting parameter of the measurer ultrasounds) these predisposition will be realized with tronchets in inox steel with length of about at least 5 diameters and in any cases not inferior to 80 cm.

In the districts and in the sectors a series of contemporary pressure and course measures will be effected.

For the sector monitoring activities they should be employed equipped teams with at least:

• 8 course ultrasounds measurers
• 2 spessi meters
• 10 pressure measurers - data logger for the field data acquisition
• 8 portable peripherals for the data GPRS transmission

For the management and data analysis activities:

• 2 computers
• 2 fix placement complete of computer
• Specific software to the measure points and losses filing
• 2 digital cameras

Thanks to effected measures it will be esteemed for each municipality object of the intervention, the initial loss degree and they are indicated the water recovery achievable objectives.

The correct procedure foresees to monitoring the district behaviour and subsequently the sectors, in such way the complementary sectors consumptions can be determined for difference with the district consumption.

In order to value the real total loaded produced on valley by the valves will have to be measured with a precision of + /- 0.5 ms the real quota s.l.m. of the pressure taking point, also keeping in consideration some gradient between the campaign plan and the taking point.

Being an instantaneous balance finalized to the consumptions monitoring it will have to be realized a monitoring courses campaign for each incoming resource point, normally a reservoir, obviously also in cases in which there is not the pressure regulation through valves.

Elaborating the introduced courses it will be calculated the instantaneous course in the back state to the recovery actions as the sum of two variables, one tied up to the real users consumption, the other to the losses reduced by the individualize hidden losses value.

In the districts, where for definition there are some fix course measurers which can manage the instant consumption monitoring, the indirect measurements, or those realized automatically by the TLC while in the sectors it is necessary to handle direct measures, possibly repeating those of the initial zoning with the purpose to have the greatest possibilities of comparison. This last activity uses measuring instruments not invasive, such as portable or ultrasounds ones, limiting at the minimum the installation of dissection rolling shutters.

The courses values, the pressure one and the others acquired data are memorized both in the field and they can also be transmitted through GPRS to a dedicated software which allows to execute algebraic sums in automatic way and consequently to determine the instantaneous course.

The measures have to come back in a format tractable by electronic spreadsheets (for example such as it can be seen – comma separated value) and for each value it will be returned a file constituted by at least three columns of the followings fields: date - hours: min - value.

For each value observed they should be calculated in automatic way the following variables with reference both to a single day and to the whole observation period:

• medium value;
• minimum value;
• maximum value;
• specific night time hours value (only for consumption curves)

The pillars on which it is founded are the losses reduction and the optimal pressures management.

After the losses control (about which it has been discussed in the Draft I), the pressures regulation (about which it has been discussed in the Draft II) the subsequent passage regards the measuring and optimization phase.

The useful methods to the water losses reduction which have an impact at brief and medium term on the recoverable water volume are both the hidden losses reparation, and the regulation modulated in the pressure time which has to maintain unchanged the minimum level service value in the critical points.

The whole of these activities involves a substantial change both geometrical and of the hydraulic net behaviour and the consequent progressive re-movement between the initial model and the effective state.

In fact, with the losses reduction and with the pressure regulation they intervene both on the spatial consumptions distribution in a sector and consequently on the courses circulation, and on the introduced water quantity making inappropriate the pattern used in the model previously set.

Consideration that the calibration effected minimizing the discard between the measured datum and the calculated one doesn't furnish an univocal combination of the system variables values (roughness and spatial question dislocation) but only one of them, because of many of the incoming data don't coincide in number with the unknown ones, it is necessary a new recalibration phase, which furnishes a new roughness and question distribution combination that makes the model valid.

In this phase the cartography and the model can usefully be adjourned thanks to the information that will be acquired with the losses reparation or when it is discovered and it can be measured the conduct real diameter, the internal roughness and it can be valuated the constituent material.

Therefore, a second course and pressure net measurement campaign is necessary with the purpose to value the operation variations brought to the system by the interventions, in comparison to the preceding state.

Obviously, the single district data analysis has to return a generalized water consumption diminution, in particular way of the minimum night time value (Minimum night flow, QMNF) and the level service congruity with the objective of the effected interventions.

The elements which have to be inserted in the hydraulic model are the new request pattern discreeted on a hourly interval of 5 minutes that allows us not to eliminate the consumption limits and if we perform the PDA analysis making reference to the water losses, the new Kj coefficients of each knot calculated basing on the minimum night time analysis of the night time consumption.

The calibration is performed through a trial and error procedure, punctually comparing the course and pressure data measured in specific net points with those furnished by the model until the optimization of the same.

The correlator use or the losses infer one, analyzing the noise according to specific frequencies, can also work in presence of the typical noises leading diurnal, even if the analyses effected in the night time hours are more reliable.

In this case the human component is inferior even if it is not negligible.

In the case of the geophone it is determining the noise interpretation that the operator effects continuatively through the direct listening in bonnet.

The experience plays in this case an essential role and therefore with the geophone the human component is enough determining to the goals of the success.

• 45 noise analysers (pre-localizations)
• 2 correlators
• 2 geophones
• 2 computers
• 1 periscope 1 search chiusini 1 search services
• specific software for the measures, measures points and losses filing
• 2 digital cameras
• 1 equipped van